Liraglutide and dulaglutide, as GLP-1R agonists, can improve AD-related cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation and NFTs formation through activation of the protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (Akt/GSK-3) signaling pathway (Shu et al., 2019
These are illegal in the UK and have been the focus of MHRA enforcement action against UK facilities producing counterfeit GLP-1 medicines
Retatrutide is a once-weekly injection that mimics three hormones involved in appetite, blood sugar, and how the body uses energy: GLP-1: lowers appetite and blood sugar GIP: lowers appetite and blood sugar Glucagon: increases energy expenditure and the breakdown of stored fat, including fat in the liver The glucagon component is what separates retatrutide from semaglutide, which mimics one hormone (GLP-1), and tirzepatide, which mimics two (GLP-1 and GIP)
UK consumers should be aware that supplement companies can make structure-function claims without proving they work, unlike prescription medications, which require extensive clinical trials
