A 2021 review in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology describes a gradual drop in tissue and cellular NAD+ across aging in rodents and humans, and links that fall to metabolic disease, cognitive decline, and sarcopenia [1]
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The cautious approach: Until more research exists, individuals with active cancer, cancer history, or genetic predisposition should avoid BPC-157
How B12 relates to energy production: Facilitates the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates into usable energy Supports red blood cell production, which carries oxygen to tissues Maintains nervous system function, affecting cognitive performance and mood Acts as a cofactor in metabolic pathways that contribute to energy production It is important to note that whilst B12 is essential for energy metabolism, there is no official link between B12 supplementation and increased energy levels in individuals with normal B12 status