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The Journal of international medical research

Laughlin, 1989)

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 82125037], Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu province [grant number BK20231528], Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province [grant number BE2022815], Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center [grant number CXZX202225], Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of the China Association for Science and Technology [grant number 2021-QNRC2-B17], and 333 high-level talents project of Jiangsu Province for Yang Yang [grant number BRA202202]

The mean HR responses were similar in the three study groups at rest (approximately 61-63 bpm) and in response to the sprint bouts with mean HRs increasing from 150-155 bpm to approximately 170 bpm from the first to fifth sprint bout