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In the context of research peptide suppliers, it generally indicates a peptide preparation that: Has been purified to a level suitable for receptor binding and cell-based assays Meets or exceeds 98% purity by HPLC analysis Has been confirmed by mass spectrometry for correct molecular identity Contains sufficiently low endotoxin levels to avoid confounding inflammatory responses in cell culture Some suppliers use "research grade" to indicate lower purity thresholds (e.g., 9095%), while "receptor grade" implies the higher 98%+ standard required for mechanistic signaling research