Ischaemia and Neuroprotection Transcriptomic analysis using RNA-Seq in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models identified 394 differentially expressed genes following Semax treatment compared to saline controls at 24 hours post-ischaemia
It has previously been suggested that mucosal immunity tends to be short-lived and that vaccines targeted to the mucosa may be less immunogenic at these sites [43], which are limitations that need to be overcome for efficacious mucosal-targeted vaccines
In contrast, no significant improvement of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-, IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-17 A, IFN-, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-8, IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and leukocyte count could be observed following the oral application of a single high dose of 200,000 IU cholecalciferol in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 (55.5 14.3 y/o) [190]
Okabe K, Yaku K, Uchida Y, et al
