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It is an effective weight loss drug, functioning by mimicking a satiety hormone, reducing appetite, and slowing gastric emptying

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The GLP-1 biosimilars market is primarily driven by the rapidly increasing global prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity, rising demand for affordable biologic therapies, and the impending patent expirations of major originator GLP-1 drugs such as semaglutide and dulaglutide

These pro-inflammatory cytokines promote hepatic environment dysfunction, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ultimately impairing insulin receptor substrate (IRS) signaling (140, 223)